Skip to main content
Resources are available to help inform next steps for your patients with elevated Lp(a).

ASCVD, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease; CPT, Current Procedural Terminology; CV, cardiovascular; ICD-10, International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision; Lp(a), Lipoprotein (a).


References: 1. Koschinsky ML, Bajaj A, Boffa MB, et al. A focused update to the 2019 NLA scientific statement on use of lipoprotein(a) in clinical practice. J Clin Lipidol. 2024;18(3):e308-e319. 2. Jawi MM, Frohlich J, Chan SY. Lipoprotein(a) the insurgent: a new insight into the structure, function, metabolism, pathogenicity, and medications affecting lipoprotein(a) molecule. J Lipids. 2020;2020:3491764. 3. Tsimikas S. A test in context: lipoprotein(a): diagnosis, prognosis, controversies, and emerging therapies. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2017;69(6):692-711. 4. Reyes-Soffer G, Ginsburg H, Berglund L, et al. Lipoprotein(a): a genetically determined, causal, and prevalent risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2022;42(1):e48-e60. 5. Wilson DP, Jacobson TA, Jones PH, et al. Use of Lipoprotein(a) in clinical practice: A biomarker whose time has come. A scientific statement from the National Lipid Association. J Clin Lipidol. 2019;13(3):374-392. 6. Rallidis LS, Pavlakis G, Foscolou A, et al. High levels of lipoprotein (a) and premature acute coronary syndrome. Atherosclerosis. 2018;269:29-34. 7. Tian X, Zhang N, Tse G, et al. Association between lipoprotein(a) and premature atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Heart J. 2024;4(3):oeae031. 8. Kronenberg F, Mora S, Stroes ESG, et al. Lipoprotein(a) in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and aortic stenosis: a European Atherosclerosis Society consensus statement. Eur Heart J. 2022;43(39):3925-3946. 9. Writing Committee, Lloyd-Jones DM, Morris PB, et al. 2022 ACC Expert Consensus Decision Pathway on the Role of Nonstatin Therapies for LDL-Cholesterol Lowering in the Management of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk: A Report of the American College of Cardiology Solution Set Oversight Committee. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2022;80(14):1366-1418. 10. Grundy SM, Stone NJ, Bailey AL, et al. 2018 AHA/ACC/AACVPR/AAPA/ABC/ACPM/ADA/AGS/APhA/ASPC/NLA/PCNA guideline on the management of blood cholesterol. Circulation. 2019;139(25):e1082-e1143. 11. Arnett DK, Blumenthal RS, Albert MA, et al. 2019 ACC/AHA guideline on the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease. Circulation. 2019;140(11):e596-e646. 12. Farzam K, Senthilkumaran S. Lipoprotein a. In: StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing; 2022. 13. Engler RJM, Brede E, Villines T, et al. Lipoprotein(a) elevation: a new diagnostic code with relevance to service members and veterans. Fed Pract. 2019;36(suppl 7):S19-S31. 14. Quest Diagnostics. Lipoprotein (a). Accessed January 25, 2025. https://testdirectory.questdiagnostics.com/test/testdetail/34604/lipoprotein-a?cc=MASTER 15. Kohn B, Ashraf AP, Wilson DP. Should lipoprotein(a) be measured in youth? J Pediatr. 2021 Jan;228:285-289. 16. Willeit P, Kiechl S, Kronenberg F, Mora S, Stroes ESG, et al. Discrimination and net reclassification of cardiovascular risk with lipoprotein(a). J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014;64(9):851-860. 17. Madsen CM, Kamstrup PR, Langsted A, et al. Lipoprotein(a)-lowering by 50 mg/dL (105 nmol/L) may be needed to reduce cardiovascular disease 20% in secondary prevention. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2020;40:255-266. 18. Willeit P, Ridker P, Nestel P, et al. Baseline and on-statin treatment lipoprotein(a) levels for prediction of cardiovascular events: individual patient-data meta-analysis of statin outcome trials. Lancet. 2018;392(10155):1311-1320. 19. Clarke R, Peden J, Hopewell J, et al. Genetic variants associated with Lp(a) lipoprotein level and coronary disease. N Engl J Med. 2009;361:2518-2528.